Total visitor nights

The total number of visitor nights has fluctuated over the past five years. The number of visitor nights is affected by a number of economic and social factors. In particular, the exchange rate, business and consumer confidence and the appeal of UK tourist attractions, this in turn depends on the marketing of UK culture and tourist hotspots. Economic factors abroad also determine the number of inbound visitors and the number of nights spent visiting. The value of the pound against other currencies is a key determinant of inbound tourism. A low value of the pound encourages domestic tourism, as it makes it cheaper for foreign visitors to obtain currency and deters UK travellers from heading overseas. Confidence also plays a part in travellers' decisions to visit and businesses willingness to spend on employee's travel.

Visitor nights in the United Kingdom by international tourists are predominantly for leisure travel usually for a few weeks. This is closely followed by visiting friends and relatives and then business tourism. Nights spent on holiday or visiting friends and relatives follow a seasonal pattern peaking in August, whereas business tourism is less volatile throughout the year.

The total number of tourist visitor nights is expected to decrease at a compound annual rate of 8.6% to 274.8 million over the five years through 2023-24. However, this is a result of travel restrictions imposed in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Visitor nights peaked in 2017-18 of 309.5 million, partly due to the increased purchasing power of foreign visitors following the depreciation of the pound after the result of the 2016 EU referendum. This effect is expected to have worn off by 2018-19, with visitor nights falling 7.6%. The coronavirus pandemic significantly reduced visitor nights, starting in the final quarter of 2019-20. According to Visit Britain, total visitor nights fell 5.2% in the final quarter, likely due to the initial impacts of the coronavirus outbreak globally, with visitor numbers from the affected regions falling significantly. In 2020-21, total visitor numbers are estimated to have plummeted by 88.1% due to the coronavirus pandemic. In the first quarter of 2020-21, severe restrictions on international visitors and as the outbreak spread through Europe, with Visit Britain reporting that visitor numbers fell 96% in the three months through June 2020. However, as restrictions relaxed over the summer, visitor numbers recovered slightly before falling again later in the year. Rising infection rates and the discovery of new variants of the virus contributed to local and national lockdown in November 2020 and January 2021 to further reduce the number of visitor nights. The government continued to restrict international travel into 2021-22, due to concerns over new variants, which weighed on visitor nights. This is because visitors forced to isolate are likely to delay their trips to the United Kingdom. In February 2022, President Vladimir Putin announced that Russia was initiating a "special military operation" in the Donbas region, and proceeded to launch a full-scale invasion into Ukraine. This led to ban on Russian owned and operated flights which is expected to reduce travel from affected destinations. However, relaxed rules for some countries and the rollout of coronavirus vaccines drove growth of 201.8% in 2021-22. Despite this, total visitor nights are expected to remain below pre-pandemic levels. In 2022-23, total visitor nights expanded by 91.8% as the number of international visitors expand albeit with cancellations and disruptions at UK and foreign airports. However, total visitor nights remain below pre-pandemic levels. Total visitor nights is set to rise by 38.9%.